Report by the Comptroller and Auditor General

Support for pupils with special educational needs and disabilities in England

While some children with special educational needs and disabilities (SEND) are receiving high-quality support, many others are not getting the help they should, according to the National Audit Office (NAO). Local authorities are coming under growing financial pressure as the demand for supporting school pupils with the greatest needs rises.

In its report published today, which can be accessed here:  pdf SEND support report NAO 110919 the NAO estimates that the Department for Education (DfE) gave local authorities £9.4 billion to spend on support for pupils with SEND in 2018-19 – 24.0% of their total core grant for schools. While the DfE has increased school funding, the number of pupils identified as having the greatest needs – those in special schools and with education, health and care plans (EHC plans)1 in mainstream schools – rose by 10.0% between 2013-14 and 2017-18. Over the same period, funding per pupil dropped by 2.6% in real terms for those with high needs, and also decreased for those without EHC plans.

Local authorities are increasingly overspending their budgets for children with high needs. In 2017-18, 81.3% of councils overspent compared with 47.3% in 2013-14. This is primarily driven by a 20% increase in the number of pupils attending special schools instead of mainstream education. Local authorities have also sharply increased the amount they spend on independent special schools – by 32.4% in real terms between 2013-14 and 2017-18. In some cases, this is due to a lack of appropriate places at state special schools.

In response to overspending against these budgets, local authorities are transferring money from their budgets for mainstream schools to support pupils with high needs. They are also using up their ringfenced school reserves, which have dropped by 86.5% in the last four years. This is not a sustainable approach.

Today, the government has announced the launch of a cross-cutting review of SEND Five years on from the Children and Families Act, it is time to review how the reforms it introduced are supporting children and young people with SEND and make sure they are being implemented as well as possible.

The internal review will look across education, health and care to consider:

  • · The evidence on how the system can provide the highest quality support that enables children and young people with SEND to thrive and prepare for adulthood, including employment;
  • · Better helping parents to make decisions about what kind of support will be best for their child;
  • · Making sure support in different local areas is consistent, and that high-quality support is available across the country;
  • · How we strike the right balance of state-funded provisions across inclusive mainstream and specialist places;
  • · Aligning incentives and accountability for schools, colleges and local authorities to make sure they provide the best possible support for children and young people with SEND;
  • · Understanding what is causing the demand for education, health and care plans; and
  • · Ensuring that public money is spent in an efficient, effective and sustainable manner, placing a premium on securing high quality outcomes for those children and young people who need additional support.

The government also announced today that Tony McArdle, Lead Commissioner in Northamptonshire County Council, will be the new chair of the SEND System Leadership Board, which brings together sector leaders across Education, Health and Social Care to drive improvements. He will act as an independent advisor to the review, alongside Education Endowment Fund Chair Sir Kevan Collins and Anne Heavey, National Director of Whole School SEN.

Details, from SchoolsWeek, of the new Ministerial team for DfE, following the government reshuffle:

https://schoolsweek.co.uk/dfe-new-education-ministers-williamson-gibb-badenoch-agnew-department-reshuffle-schools-skills-childrens/

The DfE published new SEN figures on 4th July 2019. They are available at https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/814244/SEN_2019_Text.docx.pdf

DfE have launched a new Hungry Little Minds campaign around the home learning environment

Their press release can be found here: https://www.gov.uk/government/news/society-wide-mission-to-boost-early-literacy-and-communication

The new Hungry Little Minds website for parents can be found at: https://hungrylittleminds.campaign.gov.uk/

DfE colleagues have reminded us of these three initiatives:
 
  1. The launch by the PM yesterday of a new cross-Government initiative to tackle injustices faced by disabled people in the workplace, at home and in the community. Here is the press release:
 
 
And a tweet:
 
And a blog from the Office for National Statistics about a new dashboard of key disability data that is part of this initiative:
 
  1. The current Call for Evidence on character and resilience (deadline 11.45 pm on 5 July):
 
This call for evidence seeks views on the importance of character and resilience in young people. It welcomes examples of good practice in developing character in pupils in schools, colleges and other educational settings.
 
My thanks to all who have responded already to this Call for Evidence and please do consider responding if you have not already done so.
 
  1. The publication of the final RSHE statutory guidance: